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<p>layout: hi
title: 查找文件被那个进程占用
date: 2016-09-18 14:48:10</p>

<h2>tags:</h2>

<p>前两天遇到了个很奇怪的问题，针对文件做处理的时候遇到文件被锁定。这种事情，还是找到元凶比较好。</p>

<p>微软在VISTA以后提供了一个<a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa373656%28v=vs.85%29.aspx">Restart Manager API</a>.</p>

<pre><code class="csharp">static public class FileUtil
    {
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS
        {
            public int dwProcessId;
            public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ProcessStartTime;
        }

        const int RmRebootReasonNone = 0;
        const int CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME = 255;
        const int CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME = 63;

        enum RM_APP_TYPE
        {
            RmUnknownApp = 0,
            RmMainWindow = 1,
            RmOtherWindow = 2,
            RmService = 3,
            RmExplorer = 4,
            RmConsole = 5,
            RmCritical = 1000
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        struct RM_PROCESS_INFO
        {
            public RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS Process;

            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME + 1)]
            public string strAppName;

            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME + 1)]
            public string strServiceShortName;

            public RM_APP_TYPE ApplicationType;
            public uint AppStatus;
            public uint TSSessionId;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
            public bool bRestartable;
        }

        [DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        static extern int RmRegisterResources(uint pSessionHandle,
                                              UInt32 nFiles,
                                              string[] rgsFilenames,
                                              UInt32 nApplications,
                                              [In] RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS[] rgApplications,
                                              UInt32 nServices,
                                              string[] rgsServiceNames);

        [DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        static extern int RmStartSession(out uint pSessionHandle, int dwSessionFlags, string strSessionKey);

        [DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
        static extern int RmEndSession(uint pSessionHandle);

        [DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
        static extern int RmGetList(uint dwSessionHandle,
                                    out uint pnProcInfoNeeded,
                                    ref uint pnProcInfo,
                                    [In, Out] RM_PROCESS_INFO[] rgAffectedApps,
                                    ref uint lpdwRebootReasons);

        /// &lt;summary&gt;
        /// Find out what process(es) have a lock on the specified file.
        /// &lt;/summary&gt;
        /// &lt;param name="path"&gt;Path of the file.&lt;/param&gt;
        /// &lt;returns&gt;Processes locking the file&lt;/returns&gt;
        /// &lt;remarks&gt;See also:
        /// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa373661(v=vs.85).aspx
        /// http://wyupdate.googlecode.com/svn-history/r401/trunk/frmFilesInUse.cs (no copyright in code at time of viewing)
        /// 
        /// &lt;/remarks&gt;
        static public List&lt;Process&gt; WhoIsLocking(string path)
        {
            uint handle;
            string key = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
            List&lt;Process&gt; processes = new List&lt;Process&gt;();

            int res = RmStartSession(out handle, 0, key);

            if (res != 0)
                throw new Exception("Could not begin restart session.  Unable to determine file locker.");

            try
            {
                const int ERROR_MORE_DATA = 234;
                uint pnProcInfoNeeded = 0,
                     pnProcInfo = 0,
                     lpdwRebootReasons = RmRebootReasonNone;

                string[] resources = new string[] { path }; // Just checking on one resource.

                res = RmRegisterResources(handle, (uint)resources.Length, resources, 0, null, 0, null);

                if (res != 0)
                    throw new Exception("Could not register resource.");

                //Note: there's a race condition here -- the first call to RmGetList() returns
                //      the total number of process. However, when we call RmGetList() again to get
                //      the actual processes this number may have increased.
                res = RmGetList(handle, out pnProcInfoNeeded, ref pnProcInfo, null, ref lpdwRebootReasons);

                if (res == ERROR_MORE_DATA)
                {
                    // Create an array to store the process results
                    RM_PROCESS_INFO[] processInfo = new RM_PROCESS_INFO[pnProcInfoNeeded];
                    pnProcInfo = pnProcInfoNeeded;

                    // Get the list
                    res = RmGetList(handle, out pnProcInfoNeeded, ref pnProcInfo, processInfo, ref lpdwRebootReasons);

                    if (res == 0)
                    {
                        processes = new List&lt;Process&gt;((int)pnProcInfo);

                        // Enumerate all of the results and add them to the 
                        // list to be returned
                        for (int i = 0; i &lt; pnProcInfo; i++)
                        {
                            try
                            {
                                processes.Add(Process.GetProcessById(processInfo[i].Process.dwProcessId));
                            }
                            // catch the error -- in case the process is no longer running
                            catch (ArgumentException) { }
                        }
                    }
                    else
                        throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource.");
                }
                else if (res != 0)
                    throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource. Failed to get size of result.");
            }
            finally
            {
                RmEndSession(handle);
            }

            return processes;
        }
    }</code></pre>
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